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91.
Aihua Zhang Shihao Fang Huan Xi Jianke Huang Yongfu Li Guangyuan Ma Jianfeng Zhang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(10):120
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目的 研究伪装遮障材料在实用期的老化机理,获悉伪装遮障材料失效的主要环境因素。方法 通过分析伪装遮障材料在自然环境和实验室单因素环境中的性能变化,得出影响伪装遮障材料老化失效的主要因素。采用扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱仪、X射线光电子能谱仪表征材料的微观形貌、化学结构和化学成分变化,解释伪装遮障材料的老化机理。结果 获得了在不同自然环境、实验室单因素环境下,伪装遮障材料颜色外观和力学性能的变化规律,得到了伪装遮障材料在老化过程中发生的微观形貌、化学结构和化学成分变化。结论 伪装遮障材料在西双版纳自然环境下的老化程度最大,在济南自然环境下的老化程度最小。光照是导致伪装遮障材料颜色外观及力学性能降低的主要因素。老化过程中,主要是材料表面的聚氨酯发生老化、脱落,导致材料的力学性能下降。伪装遮障材料破坏时,纤维有2种失效形式,一种是纤维脱黏、直接断裂;另一种是纤维脱黏,拔出,或者拔出过程中断裂。 相似文献
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电流密度对BDD电极电化学矿化吲哚的影响与机制 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
掺硼金刚石膜(BDD)电极电化学氧化法是去除难降解有机污染物的有效手段.与总有机碳(TOC)等的测定相比,气态中间产物的逸出量能够更直观有效地反映有机物的矿化程度与去除效果.本研究以吲哚为代表性污染物,通过对比不同电流密度(10、20和30 m A·cm-2)下BDD电极对吲哚的去除率与矿化率,结合降解过程中碳和氮形态的变化与守恒情况,分析吲哚的降解机制.结果表明,BDD电极对吲哚有良好的去除效果,电流密度为10、20、30 m A·cm-2时,吲哚达到100%去除的时间分别为8、5和4 h;TOC去除率、CO_2产生量均随电流密度的增加而增大,证明矿化率与电流密度成正相关;电解产生的CO_2气体与TOC、无机碳(TIC)构成了碳守恒体系.4~5 h时,体系TOC、TON和CO_2产生量均没有变化,表明电解产生的靛红具有较高的稳定性,此时为中间产物积累阶段;XPS表征进一步证实了中间产物靛红、苯醌等在电极表面的吸附,随着电解时间的延长,这些吸附的中间产物可进一步被降解.本研究从气态产物检测及碳氮形态分析与守恒的角度阐释吲哚矿化过程,对于辅助揭示有机物的电解过程有重要意义. 相似文献
94.
Zhao Chuanyu Wang Wanyue Wen Haoxuan Huang Zenghui Wang Xiaodie Jiao Kuizhuang Chen Qihao Feng Huan Wang Yizhe Liao Jingling Ma Lu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(6):14402-14412
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Increasing research suggested that green spaces are associated with many health benefits, but evidence for the quantitative relationship between green... 相似文献
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96.
Bing PEI Hongyang CUI Huan LIU Naiqiang YAN 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2016,10(3):559-568
The chemical characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) emitted from commercial cooking were explored in this study. Three typical commercial restaurants in Shanghai, i.e., a Shanghai-style one (SHS), a Sichuan-style one (SCS) and an Italian-style one (ITS), were selected to conduct PM2.5 sampling. Particulate organic matter (POM) was found to be the predominant contributor to cooking-related PM2.5 mass in all the tested restaurants, with a proportion of 69.1% to 77.1%. Specifically, 80 trace organic compounds were identified and quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), which accounted for 3.8%–6.5% of the total PM2.5 mass. Among the quantified organic compounds, unsaturated fatty acids had the highest concentration, followed by saturated fatty acids. Comparatively, the impacts of other kinds of organic compounds were much smaller. Oleic acid was the most abundant single species in both SCS and ITS. However, in the case of SHS, linoleic acid was the richest one. ITS produced a much larger mass fraction of most organic species in POM than the two Chinese cooking styles except for monosaccharide anhydrides and sterols. The results of this study could be utilized to explore the contribution of cooking emissions to PM2.5 pollution and to develop the emission inventory of PM2.5 from cooking, which could then help the policymakers design efficient treatment measures and control strategies on cooking emissions in the future. 相似文献
97.
Huan HE Qian SUI Shuguang LU Wentao ZHAO Zhaofu QIU Gang YU 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2015,9(6):962-969
The influence of three effluent organic matter (EfOM) model compounds, humic acid (HA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and sodium alginate (AGS), on the ozonation of bezafibrate (BF), a typical pharmaceutical and personal care product (PPCP), was investigated. The results show that ozonation efficiently removed BF from aqueous solution with removal efficiencies>95% within 8 min for all conditions. The reaction rate of BF decreased with increasing model compounds concentrations and the influence was more pronounced for HA and BSA, while less pronounced for AGS. Although BF concentration was significantly reduced, the degree of mineralization achieved was only approximately 11%. The addition of HA and BSA improved the mineralization of the solution, while the influence of AGS was minor. The acute toxicity of BF solution during ozonation was determined using the Luminescent bacteria test, and the toxicity exhibited an initial increase and a successive reduction. An overall decreased acute toxicity was observed with an increase of HA. The presence of BSA increased the formation rate of toxicity intermediates and resulted in inhibition peak forward. 相似文献
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分别采用光沉积法和浸渍法制备了载钯石墨相氮化碳催化剂(Pd/g-C3N4-PD和Pd/g-C3N4-IMP),并对其进行了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和Zeta电位的表征.结果表明,不同载钯量Pd/g-C3N4-PD的等电点均在pH 2.3左右;Pd/g-C3N4-PD表面Pd粒子分散均匀,且Pd粒径小于Pd/g-C3N4-IMP.分别将Pd/g-C3N4-PD和Pd/g-C3N4-IMP用于2,4-二氯酚的催化加氢脱氯研究,Pd/g-C3N4-PD的催化脱氯效果明显优于Pd/g-C3N4-IMP.低pH值利于2,4-二氯酚的催化加氢脱氯过程,但不利于保持催化剂的稳定性. 相似文献